![]() Sunflower leaves are broad, coarsely toothed, rough and mostly alternate those near the bottom are largest and commonly heart-shaped. The tallest sunflower on record achieved 9.17 m (30 ft 1 in). The plant has an erect rough-hairy stem, reaching typical heights of 3 metres (10 feet). With time, the bulk of industrial-scale production has shifted to Eastern Europe, and (as of 2020 ) Russia and Ukraine together produce over half of worldwide seed production.ĭescription Detail of disk florets Sunflower seeds were brought to Europe from the Americas in the 16th century, where, along with sunflower oil, they became a widespread cooking ingredient. The plant was first domesticated in the Americas. The species name annuus means 'annual' in Latin. ![]() In the binomial name Helianthus annuus the genus name is derived from the Greek ἥλιος : hḗlios 'sun' and ἄνθος : ánthos 'flower'. ![]() The domestic sunflower, however, often possesses only a single large inflorescence (flower head) atop an unbranched stem. Wild H. annuus is a widely branched annual plant with many flower heads. Apart from cooking oil production, it is also used as livestock forage (as a meal or a silage plant), as bird food, in some industrial applications, and as an ornamental in domestic gardens. It is commonly grown as a crop for its edible oily seeds. ![]() The common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) is a species of large annual forb of the genus Helianthus. ![]()
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